Who is wolfgang pauli

List of references original documents and photos 1. Photo: Wolfgang Pauli at 20 months with his mother, December 2. Photo: Wolfgang Pauli at 4 years, July 3. Photo: Wolfgang Pauli's school class, later known as 'the class of genius', 4. Wolfgang Pauli's high school diploma, July 5. In , Wolfgang Pauli introduced two new numbers and formulated the Pauli principle, which proposed that no two electrons in an atom could have identical sets of quantum numbers.

It was later discovered that protons and neutrons in nuclei could also be assigned quantum numbers and that Pauli's principle applied here too. Photo from the Nobel Foundation archive. Not long after, a paper by Edmund Stoner inspired him to extend his work in order to explain why all of the electrons in an atom are not able to occupy the lowest energy level. The result was the Pauli exclusion principle. In addition to theoretically accounting for the capacities of electron orbitals, the exclusion principle elucidated the periodic table of elements and a number of characteristics of matter in general.

Particles that obey the Pauli exclusion principle are known as fermions; those that do not are called bosons. Following his development of the exclusion principle, Pauli helped give credence to the matrix theory of quantum mechanics formulated by Werner Heisenberg in He did so by using matrix theory to derive the spectrum of hydrogen, which can be observed via experiment.

Also in , Pauli penned another important scientific treatise, a chapter on quantum theory for the Handbook of Physics. The following year he extended his work with matrix theory to spin, leading to his development of what are now termed the Pauli matrices.

These events had a deep effect on Pauli, who suffered from depression severe enough to seek the help of Carl Jung, the renowned Swiss psychiatrist.

Pauli married again in , and ended his therapy sessions with Jung, although the two regularly corresponded for much of their lives. He had no children from either marriage. What if the history of the universe were squeezed into the period of one year? What are the coldest and the hottest objects in the universe?

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